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  2. Physics Demonstrations and Equipment
  3. Mechanics
  4. Gravity

Gravity Topic

Universal Gravitational Constant

Concept 1 demo
Globe-painted basketball with a multicolored striped elastic loop stretched around it, one end hooked to a bench clamp rod on the right and pulled by hand on the left, showing tidal distortion

Tidal Distortion

Demonstrates how the Moon's differential gravitational pull creates two tidal bulges on opposite sides of Earth. Students see that tides arise from gravitational gradients, not uniform attraction. Extend the discussion …

Orbits

Concept 3 demos
Top-down UV view of neoprene sheet with fluorescent dot grid; a dark heavy ball sits in a central depression with a glowing spiral trail from a fluorescent ball orbiting inward
Safety

Gravity Well

A stretched neoprene sheet models a 2D gravitational potential well. Students observe how mass creates a depression and how smaller objects orbit, spiral in, or escape depending on launch velocity. …
Dissectible wooden cone model with five removable pieces showing conic section cross-sections, held together with metal alignment pins

Conic Sections

Visual aid for understanding conic sections -- circles, ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas -- as planar cuts through a cone. Connects the geometry to orbital trajectories under gravity: orbit shape depends …
Blackboard with several concentric chalk ellipses of varying eccentricity; two magnetic pulleys serve as foci with a string loop running to a third chalk-holding pulley below

Blackboard Ellipse Maker

Draws precise ellipses on the blackboard using a string-and-pulley mechanism that enforces the constant-distance-sum definition. Illustrates Kepler's First Law and shows how changing the focus separation changes eccentricity.

Physics Undergraduate Laboratories
Department of Physics
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University of Colorado
Boulder, CO 80309

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