Crystal Models - Physics Demonstrations - Crystal Models | Physics Undergraduate Labs

Purpose

A collection of Leybold/Klinger ball-and-stick crystal models representing specific materials (graphite, diamond, dry ice, table salt, and others) as well as generic crystal arrangements (SC, BCC, FCC). Use to visualize atomic arrangements, coordination, and bonding geometry in three dimensions.

Two ball-and-stick crystal models with black and tan spheres connected by metal rods; left model has yellow-highlighted bonds showing tetrahedral coordination, right model shows a layered structure

Two larger ball-and-stick crystal models: left has gray and red spheres in a cubic ionic arrangement, right has gray and yellow spheres in a tetrahedral bonding structure

Two ball-and-stick models with silver/gray and red spheres; left has orange-highlighted bonds in a layered arrangement, right has yellow-highlighted features in a three-dimensional lattice

Left: ball-and-stick model with black and red spheres; right: model with white and light blue/turquoise spheres showing a cubic lattice structure

Two silver metallic Leybold polyhedral models showing cage structures with approximately twelve vertices each

Three ball-and-stick crystal models: left with black spheres, center with yellow spheres in a more open arrangement, right with red spheres in a cubic lattice

Single Leybold crystal model with dark green spheres connected by metal rods in a face-centered cubic arrangement

Figure 1: Two crystal structure models with highlighted bonding geometry. Labels are tagged on each model (some in German).

Figure 2: Left: ionic crystal structure (e.g., NaCl) with two atom types in octahedral coordination. Right: covalent crystal with tetrahedral bonding geometry.

Figure 3: Crystal structure models with highlighted bonding patterns and unit cell boundaries.

Figure 4: Two additional crystal structure models from the collection.

Figure 5: Metallic polyhedral models illustrating crystal symmetry and coordination geometry.

Figure 6: Three models illustrating different crystal lattice types. These generic structures do not represent specific substances.

Figure 7: Face-centered cubic (FCC) structure model (Leybold).