Moment of Inertia Concept

Demonstrations in Moment of Inertia

Two wooden meter sticks with large metal masses clamped at different positions, lying on a green surface

Moment of Inertia Meter Sticks

Demonstrates that mass distribution, not total mass, determines rotational inertia. Students rotate sticks with identical mass but different mass placements, directly feeling the dependence of moment of inertia.
Wooden meter stick lying on a table with a clamp holding two disk-shaped masses attached near the 70 cm mark

Balancing the Sword

A meter stick with adjustable clamp masses is balanced vertically on an open palm. With masses high, the large moment of inertia slows angular acceleration, giving time to correct — …
Two-meter wooden ramp on a lab bench, raised at the left end by a scissor jack, with a wooden disk and copper hoop at the top and a foam-lined plastic catch bin at the bottom

Hoop and Disk Race

A hoop and disk of equal mass and radius race down an incline. The disk always wins because its mass is closer to the rotation axis, giving it a smaller …
Three objects on a gray surface: large wooden disk with CENCO label (left), medium translucent acrylic disk (center), and small brass cylinder lying on its side (right)

Rolling Disk Set

Demonstrates that objects with identical moments of inertia accelerate identically down a ramp, regardless of differences in mass and radius. Challenges the common misconception that heavier objects roll faster.
Two-pan balance with two cylinders of equal mass: left cylinder has a wooden exterior with green tape bands, right cylinder has a metal exterior with yellow X tape on top

Moment of Inertia Cylinders

Two cylinders of equal mass but different mass distributions race down a ramp. The cylinder with mass concentrated near the axis (metal core) always wins, demonstrating that moment of inertia …
Blue bocce ball on a black stand next to a spool made from a brass cylinder with two large cardboard rings attached at each end

Cylinder vs. Spool

Demonstrates that mass distribution, not total mass, determines rolling acceleration. A sphere beats a cylinder down a ramp; then adding large cardboard rings to the cylinder (making a spool) dramatically …
Two wooden bars with white diagonal stripes mounted horizontally on vertical metal rods clamped to a bench, with a pulley and release platform at the right end

Swinging Bars

Two bars with equal gravitational torques but different mass distributions swing down at visibly different rates, demonstrating that angular acceleration depends on moment of inertia .