Freefall in Vacuum Shows that all objects fall at the same rate in the absence of air resistance, regardless of mass. Students see directly that air resistance — not mass — causes different …
Book and Feather Creates cognitive dissonance about free fall by first dropping a book and feather separately, then together. When the feather rides on the book, no air flows between them, eliminating drag …
Safety Galileo Ball Drop Two ball bearings of very different masses are dropped simultaneously from 6.3 meters onto a sounding board. They hit at the same instant, demonstrating that gravitational acceleration is independent of …
Book and Paper Creates cognitive dissonance by first dropping a book and flat paper (book wins), then crumpling the paper and dropping again (they land together). Shows that gravitational acceleration is independent of …
Equal Time vs. Equal Distance Drop Two strings of nuts are dropped onto a metal pan. Equally spaced nuts produce impacts that speed up; nuts spaced at 1, 4, 9, 16... times a base length produce …
Tilted Air Track A nearly frictionless air track tilted at an angle produces constant acceleration. The glider bounces off a rubber bumper at the end, and equally-spaced markers along the track enable quantitative …
Safety Acceleration on an Air Track A tilted air track with photogates measures transit times to demonstrate uniform acceleration. The glider takes the same time through each photogate on the way up as on the way …
Fan Cart Acceleration A fan cart provides constant thrust on a level track, producing uniform acceleration. Equally-spaced position markers along the track let students observe that the cart passes successive markers more and …
Safety Duff's Inclined Plane A steel ball rolls down a tilted curved trough, leaving a sinusoidal trace in lycopodium powder. The half-wavelengths mark equal time intervals, and measuring successive spacings shows they increase by …